Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Orthopedic and Spine Trauma 2538-2330 12 2 2026 05 18 77 85 Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mohammad Lotfi Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Naser Kamyari Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Fatemeh Shojaei Moghaddam Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Gholamreza Goudarzi Professor, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Heidar Maleki PhD Candidate, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Jasem Salehi Clinical Research Development Unit, Taleghani Educational Hospital, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Seyed Amin Hossaini Motlagh Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Khadijeh Kanani Clinical Research Development Unit, Taleghani Educational Hospital, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Sheyda Ghasemi Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Esmat Radmanesh Associate Professor, Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran 2025 09 16 2026 04 04 Background: This study examined the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and particulate matter (PM) in patients with osteoporosis. Methods:  People with osteopenia, osteoporosis, and normal BMD were included in the study. BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), T-scores, and Z-scores of the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) and femur were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Daily PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations during the study period (January 21, 2022, to May 21, 2023) were obtained from local monitoring stations, with missing data estimated using satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD).  Results: In patients with osteoporosis, an inverse correlation exists between PM2.5 and PM10 with BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score in different parts of the femur except the neck T-score and lumbar spine. Still, none of the correlations was statistically significant.  Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the mean concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 and the parameters of BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score in the bones of the femur and lumbar spine of patients with osteoporosis. https://jost.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jost/article/view/714 https://jost.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jost/article/download/714/467