Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Orthopedic and Spine Trauma 2538-2330 4 2 2020 05 05 38 39 Behnam Panjavi Assistant Professor, Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeon, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyyed Hadi Kalantar Assistant Professor, Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 10 20 2020 01 14 Septic arthritis in pediatric population is a serious condition that needs to be diagnosed and dealt with immediately to avoid major and irreversible complications. Most researches through past 30 years focus on finding an accurate and rapid way in the diagnosis of septic arthritis in children, but the studies failed to find a single rapid and accurate diagnostic test to distinguish between transient synovitis and septic arthritis in children. https://jost.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jost/article/view/122 https://jost.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jost/article/download/122/122