Study and Comparing the Short Term Follow up Result for Soft Tissue Autograft and Allograft in ACL Reconstruction Surgery

Abstract

Background: ACL tearing is one of the most common sport injuries. For its reconstruction, different grafts including autograft and allograft are used. In term of complications, postoperative improvement, daily activity, and quality of life comparing allograft and autograft are the preferred method, with minimum complications and maximum effectiveness.
Methods: The method of this study was a prospective randomized study. A total of 38 patients were selected who only have a tear in their ACL and no other associated ligament injury. These 38 patients have been put into 2 groups by random computerized selection and their group has been advising them in closed pockets. Finally, 18 patients were in the allograft division and 20 in the autograft. In the beginning, a physical examination was done as well as a IKDC objective, Lysholm, level of activity, KOOS, and quality of life scoring forms have been filled for all patients before the operation process. Then patients have been operated by the standard arthroscopic method. Graft fixation in the femur bone has been done by the endo-button and in the tibia bone by interference screws (Smith and nephew). In the next step, the above-mentioned scoring forms were filled after 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after operation. In addition, required physical examinations were done again. In this period of time, the patients have been under exact observation regarding related complications.
Results: All mentioned scoring forms and pivot shift test, Lachman test, and ADT showed significant improvements in patient postoperative period. Lysholm (P = 0.07), IKDC objective (P = 0.8), level of activity (P = 0.9), and KOOS (P = 0.15) represented that there are no statically differences between 2 autograft and allograft groups. Infection risk in both groups has been almost same (P = 0.3).
Conclusions: All findings clarify that short term result was equal in 2 groups.