Comparison of different Ketofol procedural sedation and analgesic doses during orthopedic procedures in patients referred to the Emergency Department; A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
-
saeed abbasi
,
majid ghodsipoor
,
davood farsi
,
mahdi rezai
,
peyman hafezimoghadam
,
mani mofidi
,
Mobina Yarahmadi
,
nazanin Alaei Faradonbeh
Abstract
Background
Orthopedic procedures are one of the most common medical procedures in the Emergency Department
(ED) and are also among the painful procedures performed on the conscious patient.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare different doses of Ketofol in procedural sedation and analgesia in
patients referred to the EDs.
Methods
In this double-blinded clinical trial, 296 patients aged 18 years or over presented with need of orthopedic
procedures in the three academic EDs in 2020 were studied. After completing the written consent, the
patients were randomly assigned into four treatment groups. Demographic information, underlying
diseases, patients' physical condition, type of orthopedic injuries requiring intervention, patients' vital
signs were recorded in a checklist for each patient.
Results
In this study, the mean age, gender, level of education, addiction, patients' physical condition, type of
procedures performed, apnea, hypoventilation, bradycardia, hypotension and agitation in all four
treatment groups were not statistically different, but hallucination and hypoxia in group C (1: 3) were
much less than other groups thus oxygen administration was more common in other groups.
Conclusion
By testing different doses of ketamine, we came to the conclusion that doses of 1 mg and 0.5 mg were
associated with more side effects. Dose of 0.33 mg of ketamine, has fewer side effects while causing
analgesia and sedation as in the above doses. Dose of 0.25 mg ketamine increases the likelihood of
requiring subsequent doses. Therefore, it seems that 0.33 mg of ketamine is the best dose of choice.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 10 No 2 (2024) | |
| Section | Research Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jost.v10i2.15514 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Orthopedic procedures Ketofol Procedural Sedation and Analgesia (PSA) Pain intensity | ||
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